Astrophysical BLACK HOLEs are thought to be Kerr solution of general relativity but there is not yet observational evidence to prove them. One can study the emission of electromagnetic waves around them to test their geometry of space time. In this review article, we consider the deviation from Kerr solution to test the strong gravity regime of General Relativity. We introduce and employ BLACK HOLE shadow, X-ray reflection spectroscopy, iron line reverberation mapping, quasi-periodic oscillations, and continuum-fitting method to solve the degeneracy problem.

One of the most promising theories for modified gravity is the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity. In the framework of EGB gravity, we intend to compute the Hawking RADIATION of a 5-dimensional Hayward BLACK HOLE with a regular center and with both inner (Cauchy) and outer (event) horizons. On the basis of particles in a dynamical geometry, we provide a brief derivation of Hawking RADIATION as a tunneling process. The Boltzmann factor of emission at the Hawking temperature is related to the imaginary part of the action for the classically prohibited process.

There are issues in organizations that require new theoretical formulation. Hence, metaphorical theorizing is used in the study of organizations to interpret them and understand their complexities. In this method, the organization is likened to an entity and one of the key features of that entity is generalized to the organization. It should be borne in mind that most organizational theories are based on a positivist paradigm that focuses on knowledge and data in an attempt to discover the nomothetic of social systems. This article is an attempt to build a theory based on interpretive paradigm that puts the organizational BLACK HOLE theory forward in a metaphorical way. The BLACK HOLE theory of the organization has been adopted from the cosmic BLACK HOLE metaphor. In the first step, the key features of the organizational BLACK HOLE were summarized in accordance with the researcher's interpretation, taking into account the one-on-one correspondence and adopting the cosmic BLACK HOLE characteristics. In the second step, the definition of the organizational BLACK HOLE was presented based on key features, and in the third step the overall framework of the theory was formulated. In addition, by analyzing the characteristics of the organizational BLACK HOLE theory, it was found that this theory falls under the interpretative paradigm. Finally, how one can test the theory in terms of falsifiability or utility is discussed.

In this work‎, ‎we explore the entanglement entropy equipped with the $\kappa$-algebra‎. ‎This entanglement entropy is computed through the geometric setup as performed by Hartman-Maldacena‎, ‎which‎, ‎in their prescription‎, ‎finds that the entropy grows linearly in time‎. ‎In our case‎, ‎we show that the $\kappa$-algebra embedding provides a richer scenario where the third-order corrections in time added from $\kappa$-algebra to entanglement entropy imply that the growth of quantum correlations between subsystems is more intricate than a simple linear increase into the dynamics of BLACK HOLE thermalization and quantum information flow‎. ‎In the context of holography‎, ‎such corrections suggest that the thermalization process is not instantaneous but involves higher-order interactions between subsystems‎.

In this paper, we considered cosmological constant as a variable and studied properties and the thermodynamics stability of BTZ BLACK HOLE from a geometric perspective. Also, we examined the correspondence between thermodynamic curvature singularities and phase transitionpoints with different thermodynamic metrics. We found that theQuevedo metric cannot predict the phase transition points in two ensembles. This result is also valid for the kerr-de sitter spacetime.

In this paper, null geodesics for a symmergent BLACK HOLE are investigated. The geodesic equation of this space time are solved analytically according to the Weierstrass elliptic function. Also, the effective potential is obtained and plotted. Finally, using the form of effective potential and obtained analytical solution of geodesic equations, some possible types of orbits related to null geodesics are demonstrated.

One of the major developments in classical BLACK HOLE thermodynamics is the inclusion of vacuum energy in the form of thermodynamic pressure. Known as BLACK HOLE Chemistry, this subdiscipline has led to the realization that anti de Sitter BLACK HOLEs exhibit a broad variety of phase transitions that are essentially the same as those observed in chemical systems. Since the pressure is given in terms of a negative cosmological constant (which parametrizes the vacuum energy), the holographic interpretation of BLACK HOLE Chemistry has remained unclear. In the last few years there has been considerable progress in developing an exact dictionary between the bulk laws of BLACK HOLE Chemistry and the laws of the dual Conformal Field Theory (CFT). Holographic BLACK HOLE Chemistry is now becoming an established subfield, with a full thermodynamic bulk/boundary correspondence, and an emergent understanding of CFT phase behaviour and its correspondence in the bulk. Here I review these developments, highlighting key advances and briefly discussing future prospects for further research.

Although the tunneling approach is well established for BLACK HOLE RADIATION, much works have been done to support the extension of this approach to more general settings. In This letter the Parikh-Kraus-Wilczek tunneling proposal of BLACK HOLE tunneling RADIATION is considered. The de Sitter-Schwarzschild BLACK HOLE thermodynamics is studied, based on both, the generalized uncertainty principle and the modified dispersion relation analysis. It is shown that entropy, temperature and the original Parikh-Kraus-Wilczek calculation of the BLACK HOLE tunneling probability receive new corrections. The results of this two alternative approaches are identical if one uses the suitable expansion coefficients.

Purpose: The purpose of the current research was to investigate the nature of the BLACK HOLE of politicization in the Education Ministry of Iran and to identify its causes and outcomes. Methodology: The approach of the research was qualitative, and the strategy used was phenomenology. To collect data from departments and organizations affiliated to the Ministry of Education, semi-structured interviews were performed. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with fifteen experts and education managers, and data coding was done using thematic analysis method. Findings: Findings include the presentation of a structure containing the meaning and concept, factors, effects, and outcomes of the BLACK HOLE of politicization in the Ministry of Education. The meaning and concept of this phenomenon includes the politicization of human resources management, excessive influence of ideological discourse in the system and contents of education, political interventions in the structure and administrative and educational plans. The factors that create the phenomenon include organizational and contextual factors. The outcomes of the phenomenon are individual, organizational, and environmental. Originality: The present research, contributed to such cases as the country’s education system, development of conceptual realm of politicization, identifying politicization BLACK HOLE and proposing practical recommendations as well as solutions for eradicating this BLACK HOLE. Moreover, by identifying the factors (actions and behaviors) of politicization BLACK HOLE, this study will help the prevention of the occurrence of this phenomenon in future.